VOTING SYSTEM FAIRNESS GLOBALLY: Climate Justice, Indigenous Rights and Ending Fossil Fuels in an Age of Political Corruption

VOTING SYSTEMS FAIRNESS GLOBALLY

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Llewelyn Pritchard 5 October 2025

“Explore how fair voting systems connect to climate justice, indigenous rights and global cost-of-living crises. Evidence-based analysis links political corruption, fossil-fuel dependency and democratic erosion—calling for zero carbon emissions by 2030 in wealthy nations and 2040 worldwide, alongside inclusive and just governance.

GLOBAL VOTING SYSTEMS

#ChatGPTImage Lewelyn Pritchard 5 October 2025

Discover how global voting system fairness underpins climate justice, indigenous rights and cost-of-living resilience. Evidence-based analysis reveals links between corruption, fossil-fuel dependency and democratic decline—calling for urgent zero-carbon emission targets and civic empowerment.”

A fully structured SEO-optimised framework for an integrated campaign, aligned with the themes of voting system fairness, climate justice, indigenous rights, corruption and civic empowerment).” (ChatGPT5o)

“The connection between fair voting systems and climate justice is supported by extensive research showing that countries with proportional representation systems reduce carbon emissions significantly faster than winner-take-all systems. Between 1990-2007, emissions increases in proportional countries were predicted at only 9.5% compared to 45.5% in winner-take-all systems. makevotesmatter+3

Indigenous climate justice requires recognition that Indigenous communities, despite contributing least to climate change, face the most severe impacts while possessing crucial traditional knowledge for climate solutions. The research emphasizes that climate justice cannot be achieved without addressing colonialism, capitalism and the restoration of Indigenous sovereignty. carbonbrief+1

• Proportional representation enhances climate action through:
• Multi-party collaboration enabling long-term climate policies fairvote+1
• Stronger representation for environmental parties and marginalized communities compassonline+1
• Reduced influence of fossil fuel interests and wealthy donor unlockdemocracy+1
• More women and people of colour in office, who prioritise climate action sightline

The framework integrating Professor Kevin Anderson's research on emissions inequality (top 10% causing 50% of emissions, top 1% emitting twice as much as bottom 50%) directly connects to voting system fairness - proportional systems better represent the minority who suffer climate impacts while having minimal emissions responsibility. carbonbrief+2

This analysis demonstrates that achieving zero fossil-fuel emissions by 2030 for wealthy nations requires democratic reform alongside climate action, as fair voting systems enable the collaborative, long-term governance necessary for rapid decarbonization while protecting Indigenous rights and environmental justice. fairvote+4

Citations:

1. https://makevotesmatter.org.uk/newsroom/2023/2/14/democracy-loves-climate-justice/
2. https://www.fairvote.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Voting-Systems-and-Climate-Action-The-Evidence-3.pdf
3. https://www.compassonline.org.uk/environmental-campaigners-call-for-voting-reform-to-tackle-the-climate-crisis/
4. https://www.fairvote.ca/climate-change-and-proportional-representation/
5. https://www.carbonbrief.org/study-offers-new-policy-tool-for-considering-indigenous-climate-justice/
6. https://www.carbonbrief.org/experts-why-does-climate-justice-matter/
7. https://www.sightline.org/2024/08/16/five-ways-ranked-choice-voting-could-help-climate-action/
8. https://unlockdemocracy.org.uk/democratise-to-decarbonise-campaign
9. ttps://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?params=%2Fcontext%2Ffaculty%2Farticle%2F1631%2F&path_info=13SantaClaraJIntlL151.pdf
10. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-handbook-of-environmental-sociology/achieving-environmental-justice-lessons-from-the-global-south/1C34705C280AD877D362405D536059D7
11. https://justsolutionscollective.org/election-statement-defending-climate-justice/
12. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2025-06/undp-ifes-aecid-elections-for-people-and-planet.pdf
13. https://open-research-europe.ec.europa.eu/articles/3-51
14. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589811621000355
15. https://minorityrights.org/indigenous-paralegals/
16. https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/2025-06/2025-27-06-the-pretoria-consensus-v2.pdf
17. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4487210
18. https://owenwinter.co.uk/2020/04/03/proportional-representation-a-catalyst-for-sustainable-policies/
19. https://academic.oup.com/jhrp/article/16/1/182/7571304 (Perplexity)
20. https://electoral-reform.org.uk/cop26-shows-we-need-to-democratise-to-decarbonise/

VOTING SYSTEM FAIRNESS 

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Lewelyn Pritchard 5 October 2025

There isn’t a single universally agreed “fairest” voting system, but political scientists usually weigh fairness by criteria such as:

• Majority Rule: Does the candidate or option most preferred by the majority actually win?
• Minority Representation: Does the system allow minority voices to gain representation, or are they shut out entirely?
• Voter Equality: Does each vote carry the same weight?
• Resistance to Strategic Voting: Can people vote honestly without needing to “game” the system?
• Simplicity & Transparency: Is it understandable and trusted by the public?

Here are some of the main contenders, with their strengths and weaknesses:

• 1. First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) – used in UK, US, Canada

✅ Simple, quick, clear outcome.
❌ Often produces “winner-takes-all” distortions (e.g. a party with 40% of votes can get majority of seats). Many votes are “wasted.”
Fairness: Low — fails proportionality and minority representation.

• 2. Two-Round System (Runoff) – used in France’s presidential elections

✅ Guarantees majority support in final round.
❌ Expensive and time-consuming; still excludes smaller parties.
Fairness: Higher than FPTP, but not proportional.

• 3. Ranked Choice / Instant Runoff Voting (IRV) – used in parts of US, Australia (House of Representatives)

✅ Voters rank candidates; reduces “spoiler” problem. The winner has broad support.
❌ Still not fully proportional; some votes can be “exhausted.”
Fairness: Good for single-winner elections, but not ideal for legislatures.

• 4. Proportional Representation (PR) – used in most of Europe (list PR, mixed systems)

✅ Seats match vote share; minority voices represented; very few wasted votes.
❌ Can produce coalition governments; sometimes seen as less stable.
Fairness: Very high in terms of proportionality and representation.

• 5. Single Transferable Vote (STV) – used in Ireland, Malta, some local UK elections

✅ Voters rank candidates; proportional outcomes; minimizes wasted votes; encourages coalition-building.
❌ Counting is complex; takes time; less transparent to average voter.
Fairness: Widely considered one of the fairest for multi-seat elections.

• 6. Approval Voting – voters approve any candidates they like; most approvals wins

✅ Simple; encourages consensus candidates; reduces vote-splitting.
❌ Doesn’t capture ranking intensity (your #1 vs. #2 preference).
Fairness: Very good for consensus, but not proportional.

• 7. Score / Range Voting – voters give each candidate a score (e.g. 0–5), highest average wins

✅ Captures intensity of preferences; avoids spoilers.
❌ More complex; strategic exaggeration possible.
Fairness: Strong on voter expression, but harder to explain.

• 8. Scholarly Consensus

For parliamentary systems, Proportional Representation (esp. STV or mixed-member PR) is generally considered the fairest.
For single-winner elections, Ranked Choice (IRV) or Approval Voting are among the fairest alternatives to FPTP.

👉 In summary:

• FPTP is the least fair (but simplest).
• Proportional Representation (especially STV) is the fairest overall for legislatures.
• Ranked or Approval systems are fairest for electing single offices. 

A Scorecard comparison of major voting systems against fairness criteria:
📊 Voting System Fairness Scorecard



Voting System / Majority Rule / Proportionality / Minority Representation / Resistance to Strategic Voting / Simplicity/Transparency /Overall Fairness

First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) ✅ ❌ ❌ ❌ ✅ (simple) ★☆☆☆☆

Two-Round (Runoff) ✅ ❌ ❌ ❌ ⚠️ (still tactical) ⚠️ (extra round) ★★☆☆☆

Ranked Choice (IRV) ✅ ⚠️ (partial) ⚠️ ⚠️ (some tactical incentives) ⚠️ (counting harder) ★★★☆☆

Approval Voting ✅ ❌ ⚠️ ✅ (less tactical) ✅ (simple) ★★★☆☆

Score/Range Voting ✅ ❌ ⚠️ ⚠️ (strategic exaggeration) ⚠️ (explaining harder) ★★★☆☆

Proportional Representation (PR – List) ⚠️ (coalitions) ✅ ✅ ✅ ⚠️ (depends on design) ★★★★☆

Single Transferable Vote (STV) ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ⚠️ (complex count) ★★★★★

Legend: ✅ = strong ⚠️ = mixed/partial ❌ = fails Stars = relative fairness

VOTING SYSTEM FAIRNESS

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Lewelyn Pritchard 5 October 2025

👉 In short: STV and PR are fairest overall, FPTP the least fair

The principles and criteria of fairness (majority rule, proportionality, minority representation, resistance to strategic voting, simplicity) are globally valid — they are used by political scientists everywhere to evaluate electoral systems.

But the application and impact of each system depends heavily on context:

UK, USA, Canada → rely mainly on First-Past-the-Post, which exaggerates distortions. Fairness critiques are very sharp here.

Europe (Germany, Netherlands, Scandinavia, Spain, etc.) → most use Proportional Representation (list or mixed-member PR). Here, “fairness” tends to mean representation and coalition-building, which people are used to.

Ireland & Malta → use Single Transferable Vote (STV), which is widely praised for fairness and proportionality.

France → uses a Two-Round System for the presidency — majoritarian but not proportional.

Latin America, Africa, Asia → wide mix: some use PR, others presidential runoffs, some FPTP. Effectiveness often depends on political culture, party system, and trust in institutions.

Global South contexts → where party systems are fragmented or institutions are weak, even a “fair” system on paper can be undermined by corruption, intimidation, or lack of transparency.

Key takeaway:

• The fairness criteria are universal, but the ranking of systems (FPTP least fair, PR/STV most fair) is not just UK/US/Canada — it applies globally.
• What differs country by country is how well the system works in practice, depending on institutions, political culture, and enforcement of rules.

Sources:

https://chatgpt.com/c/68e218ad-a794-8331-a53f-cd8552545ba6

https://www.perplexity.ai/search/what-is-the-fairest-form-syste-gyjcJARARb6DGKluRabaIA#1

NOTE ‘It is crucial to exercise critical rationality and verify AI-generated reports because:

• AI can reproduce bias or errors from its training data or sources.
• Generated content may sound authoritative while being factually incorrect, misleading, or outdated.
• Nuance and context are often lost without human judgement.
• Verification ensures accountability, especially in political, legal, or scientific topics.
• Ethical responsibility demands users actively engage with sources to avoid spreading misinformation.Always cross-check claims with credible references and use AI as a tool, not an unquestioned authority.’ ChatGPT Llewelyn Pritchard 13 June 2025

Links

1. https://bsky.app/starter-pack/did:plc:4sivhpo2an6off6obxrbc3oo/3m2hoswydne2b https://trumpsauthoritarianassault.blogspot.com/2025/10/voting-system-fairness-globally-climate.html https://affordabletravelbookstorereadact.blogspot.com/2025/10/voting-system-fairness-globally-climate.html https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vQM84GcxwLBqNyUPh2Gn92TAPm38pOiUD_3o6_gVa43bfJRScF0IgIMAN0iEQnfg5aSFo3z4slfO3-a/pub VOTING SYSTEM FAIRNESS GLOBALLY: Climate Justice, Indigenous Rights and Ending Fossil Fuels in an Age of Political Corruption #OpenSourceAiChatGPT5o #Perplexity Llewelyn Pritchard 5 October 2025
2. https://bsky.app/starter-pack/did:plc:4sivhpo2an6off6obxrbc3oo/3lzoov5agmn2z https://trumpsauthoritarianassault.blogspot.com/2025/09/trumps-epstein-files-doj-memo-cover-up.html https://quislingborisjohnson.blogspot.com/2025/09/trumps-epstein-files-doj-memo-cover-up.html https://affordabletravelbookstorereadact.blogspot.com/2025/09/trumps-epstein-files-cover-up-analysis.html https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vT45IYCFeJNwmCYCQy_yJ7hIdhbJUX4fw_ATjbPYV2Jt-sXUNl9pNJja4HJTJcYEyrn59rnhpjunWrc/pub Trump’s Epstein Files: DOJ Memo & Cover-Up Evidence. Explore the DOJ FBI July 2025 memo, Epstein files, Maxwell logs, and Trump’s alleged cover-up. Federal review reveals no incriminating client list. #OpenSourceChatGPT Llewelyn Pritchard 25 September 2025 #TrumpEpsteinfilescover-up #JeffreyEpsteinscandal #DOJFBIJuly2025memo #NoIncriminatingClientList #GhislaineMaxwelllogs #EliteConnections #FederalInvestigation #EpsteinCaseAnalysis
3. https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSqvW5a9IaAGIG59laUrQlBXY7j1pKPL40d3iYb9_LcJWAyv-dwJOJ0ER-eMP3wu3IiaJoEYhp5xvKa/pub ⚖️ A Failure of Political and Legal Accountability: Building the Case for National Renewal. Description This Civic Empowerment Resource examines the breakdown of accountability in modern democracies. It shows how a prosecuting authority could hypothetically build a legal case against failed leadership, such as Boris Johnson and contrasts this with how the United States is pursuing stronger checks against convicted felon Donald Trump. By mapping legal strategies, civic ethics, and constitutional gaps, it highlights the urgent need for National Renewal in the UK. The document also outlines a draft UK-style constitutional proposal to strengthen accountability of senior public officials, rooting political life in transparency, justice, and ethical governance. #NationalRenewal #PoliticalAccountability #LegalReform #Ethics #ChatGPTOpenSourceAI Llewelyn Pritchard 2 October 2025 “Political Accountability Crisis: Trump, Farage, Johnson and UK National Renewal” 
4. https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vQa90nVi7YzKkwoQeqve-Ty5JacIzhYiNq1V18wmAglFcPbpX_gWM-zZNb4YuWTOZghCICO16DC6inF/pub 🔥 End fossil fuel finance now! Fight Trump’s assault on Earth & democracy with climate justice, Indigenous rights and moral action. Our future - and the planet - depends on it. 🌍✊ #ClimateJustice #IndigenousRights #StopTrump #ImprisonTrumpMuskAndCronies #ImpeachTrump #FossilFreeFuture #ConnectWithTheLand #DeepAiGeneratedImage #Perplexity Llewelyn Pritchard 2 July 2025 #RightsOfNature
5. https://affordabletravelbookstorereadact.blogspot.com/2025/09/a-z-of-hope-people-powered-solutions-to.html https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTltTVSpapj1ZDN3k_m61AD4A4caVb-5XBUfXphzfxyQ3RWwdBhxsxdYT6Ylq7Crq6SDIQmn0IxwkC9/pub https://www.tumblr.com/climatejustice1/795110047100403712/a-z-of-hope-people-powered-solutions-to-the-cost A-Z of Hope People-Powered Civic Empowerment for our Cost of Living & Climate Crisis: Sustainable Future, Human Rights, Climate Justice, Rights of Nature, Collective Action, Social Justice, Resilience, Green Solutions, Community Transformation
6. https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR-pzzppm6ARbgnrO6T420iz0iqOC5DzKPRJhEBK5bZ2258VbtyElYidtE3jqlqJu5OfeXG9YnxbP7X/pub https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTaVm9X2LivXk3V9fxNVmnexgewgr-FbjZhmCi-m8as7zu84a3HqWsn8wG9Pye96jvY8HbCCCl27CN2/pub NEW! ALL CHANGE! ‘National Renewable’ ethical, indigenous-led, climate justice Nature’s rights of ‘Personhood’ ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS should enable leaders of corporations and governments to help solve our cost of living and climate crises RIGHT NOW! #ChatGPTOpenSourceAI Llewelyn Pritchard 2 October 2025 Description “This Civic Empowerment Resource argues that ethics is not optional but the only survival strategy to tackle the twin crises of climate breakdown and cost-of-living pressures. By advancing National Renewal—indigenous-led climate justice, binding environmental controls and Nature’s rights of Personhood—leaders of corporations and governments can be held to account and redirected toward solutions that prioritise people and planet. Using insights from “One Crisis, Two Faces” and open-source AI, it shows how ethical governance can dismantle corruption, end elite impunity and deliver resilience, transparency, and justice right now.”
7. https://affordabletravelbookstorereadact.blogspot.com/2025/09/one-crisis-two-faces-civic-empowerment.html https://quislingborisjohnson.blogspot.com/2025/09/one-crisis-two-faces-civic-empowerment.html https://trumpsauthoritarianassault.blogspot.com/2025/09/1crisis2faces-civic-empowerment.html https://bsky.app/starter-pack/did:plc:4sivhpo2an6off6obxrbc3oo/3lzqlku47v22q https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vT4GTmFyEhEPw6cyKZRVyOPRbP7ciH6VjQBuSbJBg2ErEs1wpfcR-ht0zMWcLdEHXmak_oXFs-tigwa/pub ‘‘One Crisis, Two Faces’ A Civic Empowerment Analytical Tool Linking Political Corruption, Climate Emergency and Cost of Living Crises Llewelyn Pritchard 26 September 2025 #OpenSourceAI #ChatGPT #Perplexity Description: ‘1Crisis2Faces’ provides a rigorous, evidence-based framework for analyzing the intersection of political corruption, leadership failures and global crises. Leveraging Civic Empowerment Resources (CER) and open-source AI insights from ChatGPT and Perplexity, it enables users to examine legal proofs, uncover cover-ups—including Trump and FBI Director Patel’s potential Epstein-related actions—and evaluate failed leadership (non-exclusive) by figures such as Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin, Boris Johnson and Justin Trudeau. By connecting cost of living pressures with climate emergencies, this tool demonstrates why combating political corruption is essential for effective societal, environmental and economic resilience. CER users gain actionable insights, reliable evidence mapping, and a strategic methodology for civic accountability and climate-conscious decision-making.
8. https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vReVaNilKC6lgezp3f9aXsiZDnQsYPYKTbsdVjD1V2-rj7MmYOwY2Gw0qflERYuzJl5rVprz-640g5t/pub Check out this ECOLOGICAL, CLIMATE-HEALTH ACTION NETWORK FOR MOTHER EARTH 'Powerful Pack' (50501) of ‪Llewelyn Pritchard's @llewelynpritchard.bsky.social‬ ‘regenerated’ list of Bluesky Starter Packs: ‘Hi there to all my 27000+ followers on my only other Bluesky account. I'm regenerating here after a damned Russian hack of @llewelynpritch.bsky.social!